<div class="paragraph"> <p>在 Debian 体系的 Linux 发行版所使用的包管理器 APT 中有一个 <code>autoremove</code> 指令可以用来自动移除不需要的依赖包，那么，是否在 Arch Linux 中也可以使用类似的指令呢？</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>答案是肯定的，最简单的方式是执行 <code>sudo pacman -Rcns $(pacman -Qdtq)</code> 指令。</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>当然，这个指令的缺点也很明显，那就是有时你可能需要执行数次才能清理干净。</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>为了解决这个问题，我们可以编写这样一个脚本：</p> </div> <div class="listingblock"> <div class="title">autoremove.sh</div> <div class="content"> <pre class="highlight"><code class="language-shell" data-lang="shell">#!/bin/sh # This script lists and removes UNneeded DEPendencieS on Arch Linux # Options: -l <list> | -r <remove> | -ra <remove all - recursive>
LOOPFLAG=0 PACMAN=$(which pacman 2> /dev/null) SUDO=$(which sudo 2> /dev/null)
case "$1" in -l) echo -e " \r UNNEEDED DEPENDENCIES \r-> checking dependencies… " $PACMAN -Qdtq if [ "$?" = 1 ]; then echo -e "-> Your system doesn’t have unneeded dependencies. \n" fi ;; -r) while [ "$LOOPFLAG" = 0 ] do echo -e " \r UNNEEDED DEPENDENCIES \r-> checking dependencies… " $PACMAN -Qdtq if [ "$?" = 0 ]; then echo "" echo -n "Remove these packages with pacman? [Y/n] " read OPTION if [ "$OPTION" = "y" ] || [ "$OPTION" = "" ]; then echo -n "-> " if [ -f $SUDO ]; then $SUDO $PACMAN -Rn $($PACMAN -Qdtq) if [ "$?" != 0 ]; then echo -e "-> Dependencies skipped… next dependencies… \n" else echo -e "-> Unneeded dependencie(s) sucessfully removed. \n" fi else $PACMAN -Rn $($PACMAN -Qdtq) echo -e "-> Unneeded dependencie(s) sucessfully removed. \n" fi elif [ "$OPTION" = "n" ]; then exit 0 fi else LOOPFLAG=1 echo -e "-> Your system doesn’t have unneeded dependencies. \n" fi done ;; -ra) $PACMAN -Qdtq > /dev/null if [ "$?" = 1 ]; then echo -e " \r UNNEEDED DEPENDENCIES \r-> checking dependencies… " echo -e "-> Your system doesn’t have unneeded dependencies. \n" else echo -e "\n UNNEEDED DEPENDENCIES - RECURSIVE " echo -n "-> " if [ -f $SUDO ]; then $SUDO $PACMAN -Rsn $($PACMAN -Qdtq) else $PACMAN -Rsn $($PACMAN -Qdtq) fi fi ;; *) echo "Usage: $0 {-l <list> | -r <remove> | -ra <remove all - recursive>}" esac exit 0</code></pre> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>接下来，为它赋予执行权限，并置入 <code>/bin</code> 目录中：</p> </div> <div class="listingblock"> <div class="content"> <pre class="highlight"><code class="language-shell" data-lang="shell">$ sudo chmod +x autoremove.sh $ sudo cp autoremove.sh /bin/autoremove</code></pre> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>以后，便可以通过 <code>autoremove -r</code> 或 <code>autoremove -ra</code> 来进行自动移除操作了。</p> </div>